Database Management System (CACS255) is a 3-credit subject in BCA 4th Semester at Tribhuvan University. Below you'll find notes, old question papers, and lab reports aligned with the TU BCA curriculum.
Course Code: CACS255 | Credits: 3 | Semester: 4 | Curriculum: BCA Curriculum 2018
Relational database concepts, SQL, normalization, transaction management, concurrency control, and database design.
This course offers both theoretical as well as practical knowledge of database management system so that students can handle back end of software while developing any types of application packages.
The general objectives of this subject are to provide the basic concept, theory and practices in design and implementation of DBMS. Students will also be good for handling different type of data transaction by using SQL commands.
Introduction of Database Management System, Objective of Database Management System, Importance of DBMS, Merit and Demerit of DBMS, Application of DBMS.
Overview of The Database Designing Process and View of Data, Structure of Database Management System, Level Database Architecture and Data Independence, Database Languages: DDL, DML, QBE; Data Models: Hierarchical, Network, Relational, E-R Model, Object Base Data Model; E-R Diagram: Concepts, Relationship, Entity Relationship Diagram, Weak Entity Sets, Strong Entity Set, Aggregation, Generalization, Converting ER Diagrams to Tables.
Structure of RDBMS and Terminology, Database Schema and Schema Diagram. Keys: Super, Candidates, Primary, Foreign, Composite etc., and Relationship: Introduction to Relational Algebra, Relational Algebra Operations: Select, Project, Cartesian Product, Union, Set Difference, Natural Join, Outer Join.
Definition and Importance of Normalization, Functional dependencies. Normalization: 1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF and 4NF.
Introduction to SQL, Creating Database with Different Type of Arguments and Alter Database, Creating Normal tables and Complex tables with different Type of Constraints (Key, Check, Default); Alter Tables: Adding and Dropping Attributes and Other Constraints; Drop Statement: Table, Database.
Adding Data with INSERT Statement, Retrieving Data with SELECT Statement and FROM Clause and Filter Data with WHERE Clause; Order and Grouping Data with ORDER and GROUP by Clause and Summarizing the Select Statement; Retrieving Data from Different Tables using: INNER JOINS, OUTER JOIN and CROSS JOIN; Building Nested Queries, Manipulate Data Using UPDATE Statement and Removing Rows Using DELETE Statement; Creating and Altering View.
Managing Stored Procedures, Create, Alter, Drop, Execute Stored Procedure, Encryption, Passing Data to Stored Procedures, Parameter Default. Returning Data from Stored Procedure Output Parameter Using the Return Statement; Transaction Flow, Creating Triggers, Triggers Limitation, Disabling Trigger. Developing Multi Row Enabled Triggers; Basic Concept of Indexing, Ordered Indices, Type of Indexing, Multiple Key Access, Creating, And Dropping Index.
Overview of Query Processing, Measuring of Query Cost, Selection Operation, Sorting, Joining Evaluation of Expression, Query Optimization; Database Administrator: DBA Roles and Responsibilities, Database Security Issues, Types of Security, Access Protection, User Accounts and Database Audits, Discretionary Access Control, Mandatory Access Control; Data Encryption and Decryptions.
Transaction Concept, Simple Transaction Model, Atomicity and Durability, Transaction Isolation, Serializability, Transaction Isolation and Atomicity and Transaction Isolation Levels; Introduction, Lock-Based Protocol, Dead-Lock Handling, Multiple Granularity, Time-Based Protocol.
Lab works should be done covering all the topics listed above using Oracle and a small project work should be carried out using the concept learnt in this course. Project should be assigned on Individual Basis.
The general teaching pedagogy includes class lectures, group discussions, case studies, guest lectures, research work; project work. assignments (theoretical and practical), and examinations (written and verbal), depending upon the nature of the topics. The teaching faculty will determine the choice of teaching pedagogy as per the need of topics.